Now recruiting

Help us find out if VR helps you
learn regression geometry.

Monash University Malaysia
School of Business
MUHREC #45560 · v3.1 · May–Jul 2026

90 minutes · over 14 days · your own pace

Earn up to RM60
for a brief learning study.

We're testing whether immersive 3D virtual reality helps undergraduates learn the geometry of OLS regression more effectively than a browser-based interactive 3D tool. You will be randomly allocated to one of the two arms.

Scan to register

forms.gle/oEXAJre6nqm8iLQL8

Arm A

VR — in the lab

RM60

Single 45-min lab session
on a Meta Quest 3 headset.

Arm B

HTML — own time

RM40

Browser-based, asynchronous.
Optional touch screen at the lab.

You can join if

You're aged 18 or older

You're a Monash University Malaysia undergraduate

Any discipline — Business, Engineering, IT, Computer Science, Actuarial, Science

You don't have epilepsy or severe motion sickness

You don't have uncorrected vision impairment that prevents VR

You haven't been a participant in more than 5 prior VR research sessions

How it works

Register

Scan the QR. We email your allocation within 24h.

Pre-test + lecture

10 questions then a 25-min Panopto lecture.

Intervention

VR lab session, or browser app on your own.

Post-test + voucher

10 questions, short survey. Email with pickup details sent within 1 business day. Collect paper voucher at School of Business reception. Grab digital option available.

Approved by

Monash Human Research Ethics Committee

This study operates under MUHREC Project #45560. Your data are de-identified before analysis and stored on Monash servers. You may withdraw at any point without penalty.

Run by

School of Business, Monash Malaysia

Chief Investigator: Dr Nazirul Hazim A. Khalim, Lecturer in Econometrics & Business Statistics.
Questions: nazirul.hazim@monash.edu

What you'll learn — the geometry of OLS in 3D

OLS regression has a beautiful geometric structure that two-dimensional textbook diagrams simply can't show. The application makes the four core objects manipulable so you can see why each identity holds.

Column space

The plane spanned by your regressors.

Projection ŷ

Closest point in the plane to y.

Residual e

Perpendicular to the plane — always.

R² as cos²θ

The angle between y and ŷ.

Participant Information

What you do, in order.
The 90-minute path through the study.

VR Geometry of OLS
MUHREC #45560
v3.1 · May–Jul 2026

Why you're here

We are testing whether immersive virtual reality helps undergraduates learn the geometry of OLS regression better than a browser-based interactive 3D tool. Both arms see the same content. You will be randomly allocated to one arm and counterbalanced across two parallel test forms.

Your seven steps — in order

Register & consent

Form 1: eligibility, student ID, prior coursework, slot preferences.

Day 1 · ~15 min

Allocation email

Within 24 hours we email your arm and form-order. Don't start anything else first.

within 24 h

Pre-test

Form 2: 10 MCQs on your assigned form. Before the lecture.

~10 min

Lecture

25-min Panopto lecture on OLS geometry. Identical for both arms.

~25 min

Intervention

VR: 30–45 min lab session. HTML: own time, browser or lab touch screen.

Day 3–12 · ~25–45 min

Post-test & survey

Form 3: opposite form, paste your code, complete the short survey.

~25–35 min

Voucher

Email with pickup details sent. Collect paper voucher at School of Business reception. Grab option available by request (5–7 days).

~1 min

Two completion codes you need to collect

VR arm — the researcher hands you a printed VRLAB-XXXX code at the end of your lab session. Bring it home and paste it into Form 3.

HTML arm — the application shows an HTMLOK-XXXX code at the end of Quiz mode. Don't refresh the page before you copy it.

Two forms — but you only answer the one assigned

The 10 MCQs come in two parallel versions, Form A and Form B. At pre-test you take one; at post-test you take the other. Your allocation email tells you which is which. Form 2 and Form 3 each show all 18 questions — answer only the 10 in your assigned form.

Compensation

Mad Alchemy café/snacks voucher

RM60

VR arm

RM40

HTML arm

Default: paper voucher collected at School of Business reception. Optional: Grab digital voucher by email (5–7 business days).

Eligibility

Who can join

Aged 18 or older

Monash University Malaysia undergraduate

Any discipline — Business, Eng, IT, Actuarial, Science

No epilepsy or severe motion sickness

No vision impairment that prevents VR use

Start here

Form 1 — Registration

forms.gle/oEXAJre6nqm8iLQL8

Scan to register, or contact nazirul.hazim@monash.edu

What you'll see in the application

Column space

The plane spanned by the regressors.

Projection ŷ

The closest point in the plane to y.

Residual e

Perpendicular to the plane.

R² as cos²θ

The angle between y and ŷ.

Your 14-day window

All seven steps fit comfortably in this window. The only synchronous component is the VR lab session — everything else is at your own pace.

MON

TUE

WED

THU

FRI

SAT

SUN

MON

TUE

WED

THU

FRI

SAT

SUN

Registration & pre-test window (Days 1–10)

Final completions

VR lab sessions (Days 5–12)

Day 1

Recruitment opens

Form 1 goes live. Allocations email out within 24 h. Earliest registrants get first pick of VR slots.

Day 5–7

Mid-window check

If you registered Day 1 but haven't started, expect a friendly nudge from the research team. Plenty of time still left.

Day 5–12

VR lab sessions peak

VR-arm participants attend their booked 45-min lab session. Choose any weekday slot 09:00–17:00; Saturday 09:00–13:00.

Day 14

Window closes — voucher

Final post-test deadline. Mad Alchemy paper voucher ready to collect at School of Business reception. Grab digital code also available (5–7 business days).

Key things to know

Your 8-digit Monash student ID links your three forms — enter it accurately on every form. · Pre-test goes before the lecture; post-test goes after the intervention. · You answer only one form at each timepoint — your allocation email tells you which. · You can withdraw at any point without penalty by emailing the study team.

HTML arm

Browser-based, your own time.
Five steps from URL to completion code.

VR Geometry of OLS
MUHREC #45560
v3.1 · May–Jul 2026

If your allocation email assigned you to HTML

Open the application in any modern browser. Complete Learn → Tutorial → Quiz in that order. At the end of Quiz mode the application shows a HTMLOK-XXXX completion code — copy this exactly into Form 3.

Five steps

Open the application

Chrome, Edge, Firefox, or Safari (latest). Allow ~25–35 min uninterrupted.

Day 2 onwards

Learn mode

Eight narrated concept screens. Skip none — Quiz assumes them all.

8 steps · ~10 min

Tutorial mode

Eight guided tasks. Toggle Col(X), ŷ, e, ⊥, x₁, FWL until the prompt matches.

8 tasks · ~10–15 min

Quiz mode

Ten in-app explore-then-answer questions. Not the formal test.

10 Qs · ~10 min

Copy your code

Format HTMLOK-XXXX. Don't refresh first.

paste into Form 3

Browser

Modern, latest version

Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Safari. WebGL must be enabled (it is by default).

Display

The bigger, the better

Laptop ≥ 13″ recommended. Desktop monitors and the lab ViewSonic 79″ touch screen work especially well.

Connection

Stable Wi-Fi

First load fetches assets; afterwards the app runs locally. Reconnect if needed — your progress persists.

If something goes wrong

The 3D scene won't render

Hard-refresh (Ctrl/Cmd + Shift + R). Try a different browser. Check WebGL is enabled and hardware acceleration is on (Chrome / Edge → Settings → System).

Lost my completion code

Re-do Quiz mode (it's quick) and copy the new code. Multiple HTMLOK codes from the same session are fine — only the one you paste into Form 3 is recorded.

Can't find Form 2 or Form 3

Both URLs are in your allocation email. Search your inbox for "VR OLS" or check spam. Still nothing? Email the study team.

Running out of time in the 14-day window

Complete Form 3 as soon as you can — submissions after midnight on Day 14 are recorded but not analysed. Email for a documented-reason extension.

Application

Geometry of OLS

vrols1.netlify.app

Lecture

25-min Panopto

youtu.be/9ADlV-SEltg

Last step

Form 3 — Post-test

paste your HTMLOK code

What the OLS geometry looks like — preview

The four core objects of OLS regression rendered as manipulable 3D scenes. In Tutorial mode you toggle each one on and off; in Quiz mode you re-orient them to answer.

Column space of X

The plane spanned by the regressors. Toggle this on first.

Projection ŷ

The closest point in the plane to y. Watch it slide as you change X.

Residual e

Always perpendicular to the plane. Toggle the right-angle marker to see why.

R² as cos²θ

The angle between y and ŷ. Better fit = smaller θ.

Order matters

Form 1 → allocation email → Form 2 (pre-test) → lecture → application (Learn → Tutorial → Quiz) → Form 3 (post-test + code). Submissions out of order are flagged invalid by the system.

VR arm

One supervised lab session.
Forty-five minutes, headset on.

VR Geometry of OLS
MUHREC #45560
v3.1 · May–Jul 2026

If your allocation email assigned you to VR

You will receive a slot-booking email from the research assistant within 24 hours of your allocation. The session takes 45 minutes including check-in, safety induction, and headset fitting. The researcher gives you a VRLAB-XXXX code at sign-off.

Before you arrive — checklist

Complete Form 2 (the pre-test) and the Panopto lecture before your slot.

Bring your Monash student ID for check-in.

Wear regular clothes; spectacles are fine — the headset accommodates them.

Eat something light beforehand. Empty stomach handles VR worse, not better.

Don't attend if you feel unwell — reschedule by replying to the slot-booking email.

No need to bring a laptop. Everything is provided.

No food or drink at the headset station.

No need to study beforehand. The pre-test is your baseline.